Research has demonstrated that among prisoners with serious mental disorders, over 70 percent also have a substance abuse problem. ^[1]   People in state prisons with a mental illness were more likely than other prisoners to have been under the influence of alcohol or drugs when they committed their most recent offense: 59 percent of those with mental illness indicated that they were under the influence at the time, as opposed to 51 percent with no reported mental health condition. ^[2]   Importantly, whereas people with mental illness are no more likely to be violent than people in the general population, untreated mental illness (or mental illness and a co-occurring substance abuse disorder) is a strong predictor of recidivism. ^[3]