E: Community Supervision

4: Research suggests that the most critical period for a returning prisoner is immediately following release.

In this chapter:

  • Overview
  • Research Highlights:
  • Recommendations:
  • In a 15-state study, over two-thirds of prisoners were rearrested within three years of their release. Importantly, the first six months accounted for nearly half (44 percent) of all recidivism during the three-year period, with 30 percent of all releasees re-arrested in those first months. [1]   In the first year out, 44 percent of released prisoners were arrested. Property offenders were the most likely to recidivate. Almost three-quarters of all property offenders were arrested within three years of their release. [2]   Two-thirds of drug offenders and 62 percent of both public-order and violent offenders were rearrested within three years. [3]   The first months out of prison are also a high-risk, high-need period for housing and other services. [4]  

    1. Patrick A. Langan and David J. Levin, Recidivism of Prisoners Released in 1994 (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2002-06-02), NCJ 193427 NCJ 193427.

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    2. Ibid.

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    3. Ibid.

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    4. Marta Nelson, Perry Deess, and Charlotte Allen, The First Month Out: Post-Incarceration Experiences in New York City (New York: Vera Institute of Justice, 1999-09-01) ; Ted Houghton, The New York/New York Agreement Cost Study: The Impact of Supportive Housing on Services Use for Homeless Mentally Ill Individuals (Washington, DC: Corporation for Supportive Housing, 2001-05-01) .

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