Combining the provision of services with housing is a promising approach. There is evidence from the mental health field that it may be an effective way to improve outcomes for individuals involved with the criminal justice system. For example, a partnership between the city of New York and community-based providers sought to provide supportive housing services for homeless adults with severe mental illness. Approximately three percent of these adults had previously been incarcerated. An evaluation of this program found that participants had 22 percent fewer criminal convictions after receiving services than did similar nonparticipants. Those who received services were significantly less likely to later be incarcerated, and those participants who were incarcerated spent significantly less time behind bars than did nonparticipants. ^[1]